Past Indefinite. Упражнения.
Практика — ключ к грамотности. Специальные упражнения в этом разделе помогут вам отработать Past Indefinite: понять правило, довести его применение до автоматизма и научиться использовать в реальных ситуациях.
Упражнение № 1. Прибавьте окончание -ed к глаголам, соблюдая правила правописания.
1.play 2. hope 3. try 4. stop 5. rain 6. live 7. cry 8. plan 9. watch 10. bake 11. dry 12. tap 13. wait 14. smile 15. marry 16. nod 17. open 18. study 19. hug 20. like 21. fry 22. jam 23. walk 24. blame 25. copy 26. beg 27. dance 28. hurry 29. fit 30. use 31. carry 32. rob 33. close 34. reply 35. chat 36. love 37. worry 38. slip 39. arrive 40. spy 41. joke 42. permit 43. agree 44. drop 45. tie 46. tire 47. travel 48. prefer 49. enjoy 50. grab
Упражнение № 2. Раскройте скобки, поставив правильные глаголы в Past Indefinite.
1.I (cook) dinner yesterday. 2. My sister (visit) our aunt last Sunday. 3. They (watch) a new series on TV. 4. The engineer (fix) the computer. 5. We (want) to buy a new sofa. 6. It (snow) a lot in January. 7. Your friend (invite) us to the party. 8. My grandmother (knit) a sweater. 9. The director (arrive) late. 10. The train (delay) for an hour. 11. His parents (decide) to move. 12. The film (end) happily. 13. Your nephew (try) to ski. 14. The police officer (stop) the car. 15. Doctor Johnson (examine) the patient. 16. The team (train) every day. 17. My uncle (repair) the fence. 18. The weather (change) suddenly. 19. Our neighbours (greet) us warmly. 20. Your cousin (marry) in June. 21. Student Kate (present) her project. 22. Their rabbit (jump) out of the cage. 23. My son (ask) many questions. 24. The visitors (admire) the painting. 25. Her husband (start) a new job. 26. The girls (dance) at the party. 27. The news (surprise) everyone. 28. His boss (agree) with the plan. 29. The nurse (measure) my temperature. 30. Our relatives (stay) for a week. 31. Ivan (close) all the windows. 32. The journalists (describe) the event. 33. That woman (look) familiar. 34. Many people (thank) him. 35. Your client (order) more products. 36. The accountant (check) the numbers. 37. Our parrot (imitate) sounds. 38. Grandfather (plant) tomatoes. 39. The musicians (perform) beautifully. 40. My colleague (accept) the offer. 41. The couple (hike) in the mountains. 42. Sergei (fail) his driving test. 43. The cashier (count) the money. 44. That flight (land) safely. 45. Nina (download) the file. 46. The workers (unload) the truck. 47. Principal Davis (announce) the results. 48. My classmates (remember) that day. 49. Several players (score) goals. 50. Your daughter (prepare) for the trip.
Упражнение № 3. Раскройте скобки, поставив неправильные глаголы в Past Indefinite.
1.I (go) to the bank. 2. She (take) her medicine. 3. They (see) a famous actor. 4. My father (buy) a new drill. 5. We (have) a great time. 6. The meeting (begin) late. 7. You (break) the plate. 8. He (drink) all the juice. 9. The children (eat) the cookies. 10. The phone (ring) at midnight. 11. His words (hurt) my feelings. 12. The thief (steal) her purse. 13. Your son (catch) a big fish. 14. The students (choose) the topic. 15. I (forget) his name. 16. She (give) me good advice. 17. We (drive) to the coast. 18. The clock (strike) twelve. 19. Our dog (dig) a hole. 20. The singer (sing) beautifully. 21. He (lose) his temper. 22. The wind (blow) the roof off. 23. They (fight) for their rights. 24. I (hold) the door for her. 25. The baby (sleep) through the night. 26. We (swim) in the lake. 27. He (teach) physics. 28. They (build) this bridge in 1990. 29. I (think) about you. 30. She (wear) a uniform. 31. The news (shock) everyone. 32. He (pay) in cash. 33. We (meet) at the conference. 34. They (sell) their old house. 35. The cat (hide) under the bed. 36. The plane (fly) over the city. 37. I (understand) the situation. 38. She (stand) in the queue. 39. They (spend) a lot of money. 40. The river (freeze) in winter. 41. He (speak) very quietly. 42. We (leave) before dawn. 43. The truth (become) clear. 44. She (bring) homemade jam. 45. The book (fall) from the shelf. 46. They (win) the first prize. 47. I (hear) a strange noise. 48. The sun (rise) at six. 49. He (shut) the window. 50. We (know) the risks.
Упражнение № 4. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму. Все глаголы правильные.
1.Tom worked yesterday. 2. Anna cleaned her room. 3. The students watched a film 2 days ago. 4. My mother cooked dinner. 5. The doctor helped the patient. 6. It rained last week. 7. Your brother played chess. 8. The gardener watered the flowers. 9. We finished our project last month. 10. The bus stopped here. 11. Her parents lived in Moscow many years ago. 12. The lesson started in time. 13. My neighbour repaired his car. 14. The teacher explained the rule. 15. My wife waited for me. 16. The children played in the park. 17. He answered the question. 18. I visited them yesterday. 19. Our team practiced hard. 20. Your grandfather walked every day. 21. The student studied for the exam. 22. The cat wanted food. 23. The manager called me the day before yesterday. 24. The guests arrived early. 25. His daughter painted a picture. 26. The boys climbed the tree. 27. The sky looked grey. 28. Your colleague used this computer. 29. The cook opened the window. 30. Our parents visited us. 31. Elena washed the dishes. 32. The reporter asked about it. 33. That man travelled a lot last year. 34. Everyone enjoyed the party last week. 35. He closed the door. 36. The secretary typed the letter. 37. Our dog barked at the postman. 38. Aunt Maria baked a pie. 39. The workers moved the furniture. 40. My sister needed help. 41. The family walked to the park. 42. Alex turned on the TV. 43. The assistant printed the document. 44. This shop closed at six. 45. Olga answered the email. 46. The builders painted the wall. 47. Professor Brown started the lecture. 48. My friends enjoyed the concert. 49. All students passed the test. 50. Your brother listened to music.
Упражнение № 5. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму. Все глаголы неправильные.
1.I went to the cinema yesterday. 2. She took my book. 3. They saw that film last week. 4. My son bought a bike 3 days ago. 5. We had a meeting yesterday. 6. It began to rain. 7. You broke the glass. 8. He drank coffee. 9. The children ate apples. 10. The phone rang. 11. His joke hurt her. 12. The man stole the car last Friday. 13. Your daughter caught a cold. 14. The committee chose him. 15. I forgot the address. 16. She gave a present 5 days ago. 17. We drove all night. 18. The bell rang. 19. Our dog dug in the garden. 20. She sang a song. 21. He lost his phone yesterday. 22. The storm blew the tree down. 23. They fought bravely. 24. I held her hand. 25. The baby slept peacefully. 26. We swam in the sea. 27. He taught history. 28. They built a garage. 29. I thought about it yesterday. 30. She wore a nice hat. 31. The accident shocked him. 32. He paid the bill. 33. We met long ago. 34. They sold the apartment last year. 35. The mouse hid in the corner. 36. The bird flew away. 37. I understood the lesson. 38. She stood near the door. 39. They spent the weekend together. 40. The lake froze last winter. 41. He spoke with the manager. 42. We left in a hurry. 43. The dream became reality. 44. She brought flowers. 45. The vase fell on the floor. 46. They won the game last Monday. 47. I heard the news. 48. The sun rose early yesterday. 49. He shut his eyes. 50. We knew the answer.
Упражнение № 6. Составьте предложения, а затем переведите их на русский.
Образец: I / write a letter - I write a letter.
1.She / buy / a car / last year. 2. We / not / see / that exhibition. 3. He / drink / tea / for breakfast? 4. My parents / build / a house / in 2010. 5. The cat / hide / under the sofa. 6. I / not / understand / the question. 7. They / meet / at university? 8. The child / break / the toy / yesterday. 9. She / not / tell / the truth. 10. You / hear / that noise? 11. The students / choose / a leader. 12. It / not / rain / on Monday. 13. He / lose / his keys / again. 14. We / swim / in the river / in summer. 15. The teacher / give / us / homework. 16. They / not / sell / their business. 17. I / think / about you / all day. 18. The plane / fly / over the mountains? 19. She / wear / a blue dress / to the party. 20. He / not / pay / for the dinner. 21. The meeting / begin / in time. 22. We / drive / to the forest / for picnic. 23. The dog / dig / a hole / in the yard. 24. They / not / keep / their promise. 25. I / find / my old photos. 26. You / speak / to the director? 27. The book / fall / from the table. 28. She / not / feel / well / yesterday. 29. They / win / the competition? 30. The baby / sleep / all night. 31. He / teach / English / in China. 32. We / not / leave / early / from work. 33. The sun / shine / brightly. 34. I / know / him / very well. 35. She / send / me / a letter. 36. They / not / eat / at home. 37. He / take / the documents / to the office. 38. The concert / start / at eight? 39. We / have / a big garden. 40. She / not / read / this magazine. 41. The children / draw / funny pictures. 42. He / forget / her birthday? 43. I / spend / my holiday / at the seaside. 44. They / not / catch / any fish. 45. The phone / ring / three times. 46. She / make / a delicious cake. 47. We / go / to the theatre / last week. 48. He / not / see / the message. 49. The wind / blow / the leaves away. 50. They / build / a new school / in our district.
Упражнение № 7. Задайте специальные вопросы к выделенной части предложения.
1. My sister finished school last year. 2. They moved to a new apartment in May. 3. He fixed the old radio. 4. The party started at 7 p.m. 5. Our neighbours complained about the noise. 6. She felt very tired after work. 7. The postman delivered the parcel in the morning. 8. We waited for you for twenty minutes. 9. He believed her strange story. 10. The train arrived on platform two. 11. My grandfather fought in the war. 12. She bought the dress because it was on sale. 13. The secretary typed all the letters. 14. The children played in the backyard. 15. He lost his passport during the trip. 16. The meeting lasted for two hours. 17. Her colleague helped her with the project. 18. They celebrated his birthday at a restaurant. 19. The dog barked at the stranger. 20. She chose a blue sweater. 21. The manager approved our plan yesterday. 22. We walked to the city centre. 23. He forgot the meeting because he was busy. 24. The students prepared for the exam all week. 25. The car stopped suddenly. 26. She received an interesting offer. 27. The gardener planted roses in the spring. 28. They discussed their future plans. 29. The concert ended late. 30. My brother sent me a postcard from Italy. 31. She cooked dinner for six people. 32. The tourists visited the old castle. 33. He broke the window with a ball. 34. The film started at 9 o'clock. 35. Your call woke me up. 36. We needed more information. 37. She opened the present immediately. 38. The police found the missing child. 39. He answered all the questions correctly. 40. The shop closed early on Sunday. 41. His words hurt her feelings. 42. They travelled by train. 43. She learned English at school. 44. The fire destroyed the building. 45. He painted the fence green. 46. We arrived after midnight. 47. The doctor prescribed some medicine. 48. She wore a warm coat because it was cold. 49. They built the house in 2015. 50. The news surprised everyone.
Упражнение № 8. Переведите предложения с русского языка на английский, используя Past Indefinite.
1. Я работал вчера. 2. Моя сестра убирала квартиру. 3. Они смотрели телевизор вечером. 4. Инженер проверил чертежи. 5. Мы ждали вас позавчера. 6. На прошлой неделе было тепло. 7. Твой друг жил в Лондоне в прошлом году? 8. Мама приготовила суп. 9. Директор не согласился с нами вчера. 10. Поезд опоздал. 11. Мои родители путешествовали летом. 12. Урок начался вовремя. 13. Твой сосед помог тебе? 14. Учитель задал вопрос, но я не ответил, потому что не сделал домашнее задание. 15. Доктор осмотрел ребенка. 16. Два года назад эта команда выиграла матч. 17. Мой брат учил немецкий. 18. Вчера солнце светило ярко. 19. Наши друзья позвонили нам и пригласили в кино. 20. Мой дедушка любил рыбалку и я всегда ходил вместе с ним на речку. 21. Студент ответил правильно и получил хорошую оценку. 22. Их собака громко лаяла на прошлой неделе. 23. Моя дочь хотела собаку, поэтому я подарила ей щенка. 24. Гости принесли торт. 25. Его сын мечтал о море. 26. Дети искали грибы в лесу. 27. Небо было голубым. 28. Твой коллега закончил отчет? 29. Уборщица не вымыла пол. 30. Наши дети не болели в январе. 31. Ольга нашла очки? 32. Репортер брал интервью и задавал много вопросов. 33. Тот мужчина выглядел уставшим. 34. Все поверили ему. 35. Ваша подруга посетила музей? 36. Секретарь не отправил факс. 37. Наш кот поймал большую мышь. 38. Дядя Вова починил кран. 39. Мальчики играли в компьютер вчера. 40. Мой начальник нуждался в совете и я помог ему. 41. Семья ужинала в ресторане. 42. Петя забыл пароль. 43. Помощник скопировал файлы и отправил их начальнику. 44. Этот автобус ехал медленно. 45. Ира носила зеленое платье на прошлой неделе. 46. Строители закончили работу 3 дня назад. 47. Профессор задал домашнее задание в прошлый понедельник. 48. Мои друзья гуляли в парке. 49. Все студенты волновались во время экзамена. 50. Твоя сестра не планировала отпуск.
Упражнение № 9. Нарисуйте простую линию и отметьте на ней 5-7 ключевых событий своей жизни в прошлом. Например, начал работать, переехал, купил машину и т.д. Опишите каждое из этих событий одним предложением в Past Indefinite, указав год или возраст.
Образец: I bought a house 10 years ago.
Упражнение № 10. Опишите шаг за шагом, как вы вчера выполняли рутинную, но знакомую вам задачу (готовили конкретное блюдо, чинили что-то, настраивали технику, и т.п.). Используйте Past Indefinite и слова first - сначала, next - потом, after that - после этого, then - затем.
Образец: How I cooked scrambled eggs. Как я приготовил(а) яичницу.
First, I took a frying pan and put it on the stove. Next, I turned on the heat and added oil. After that, I broke two eggs into a frying pan and added some salt. Then, I waited for 5 minutes. When the eggs were cooked, I turned off the stove and put the scrambled eggs on a plate.
Упражнение № 11. Иногда нам хочется вернуться в прошлое, чтобы что-то объяснить, поблагодарить или просто рассказать, как всё сложилось дальше. Данное упражнение позволит нам сделать это с помощью английского языка. Для этого, напишите письмо из 8-10 предложений самому себе или кому-то из вашего прошлого (друг, родственник, коллега). Опишите, что произошлопосле той встречи (события, разговора и т.д.), используя Past Indefinite.
Вы можете использовать такой план:
Образец:
Письмо себе прошлому в первый день работы:
Dear Me from 2000,
After that first day at the office, many things happened. I worked on that project for two years. It was difficult, but I learned a lot. Later, I changed my job. I met interesting people and travelled for work. I didn't know it then, but that nervous first day was the start of a very important part of my life.
Упражнение № 12. Представьте, что вы - писатель. Дано начало: "The door opened slowly. A stranger walked into the room. He looked around and…". Закончите эту историю 5-7 предложениями в Past Indefinite.
Упражнение № 13. Самый интересный способ узнать о прошлом — задавать вопросы. Составление хороших вопросов требует понимания не только грамматики, но и сути того, о чём вы спрашиваете. Составьте список из 7-10 вопросов в Past Indefinite, которые вы бы хотели задать своему родителю, старшему коллеге или исторической личности о их прошлом опыте. Используйте вопросительные слова: what, where, when, why, how.
Образец:
Упражнение № 14. Часто страх допустить ошибку мешает нам говорить и писать. Это упражнение разделяет процесс на два безопасных этапа: сначала вы свободно выражаете мысль, сосредоточившись на том, что сказать, а не на том как сказать. А на втором этапе вы фокусируетесь на исправлении грамматических ошибок.
Используйте план:
Образец:
Исходный текст: Last Thursday I go to my friend. We cook dinner together. It is very funny. We not watch TV, we talk a lot.»
Исправленный текст: Last Thursday I went to my friend. We cooked dinner together. It was very funny. We didn’t watch TV, we talked a lot.»
Упражнение № 15. Оглядываясь на жизнь, мы часто сравниваем разные её периоды. Это требует умения четко разделять прошлое и настоящее. Выберите два периода своей жизни. Например, «когда мне было 30» и «сейчас», и сравните чем отличалась ваша жизнь тогда и сейчас. Используйте Past Indefinite для описания прошлого и Present Indefinite для настоящего.
Образец: When I was 30, I lived in a small flat. Now I live in a house. I worked for a big company then. Now I have my own business.
Упражнение № 16. Описание прошлого опыта работы в сжатой, фактологической форме — частая практическая задача.
Заполните мини-резюме для одной из ваших прошлых работ или длительных проектов, можно даже волонтёрских или домашних.
Образец: From 2010 to 2015 I worked as a manager at a building company. I coordinated the work of builders and designers. I controlled the budget and ordered all the materials. The project finished in time and within the planned budget.
Упражнение № 17. В жизни часто случаются ситуации, когда собеседник имеет ошибочное представление о нашем опыте. Важно уметь тактично поправить его, приведя факты. Перед вами 10 неверных предположений о вашем прошлом. Ваша задача — вежливо опровергнуть каждое. Используйте для этого одно из предложенных вступлений для вежливости:
Ваши задания для опровержения:
Образец:
Неверное предположение: You didn't like school.
Ваше опровержение: Actually, that's not quite right. I really enjoyed school, especially history classes.
Неверное предположение: You travelled a lot in your 20s.
Ваше опровержение: I'm afraid that's not correct. I didn't travel much in my 20s because I didn't have money for that.
1.play 2. hope 3. try 4. stop 5. rain 6. live 7. cry 8. plan 9. watch 10. bake 11. dry 12. tap 13. wait 14. smile 15. marry 16. nod 17. open 18. study 19. hug 20. like 21. fry 22. jam 23. walk 24. blame 25. copy 26. beg 27. dance 28. hurry 29. fit 30. use 31. carry 32. rob 33. close 34. reply 35. chat 36. love 37. worry 38. slip 39. arrive 40. spy 41. joke 42. permit 43. agree 44. drop 45. tie 46. tire 47. travel 48. prefer 49. enjoy 50. grab
Упражнение № 2. Раскройте скобки, поставив правильные глаголы в Past Indefinite.
1.I (cook) dinner yesterday. 2. My sister (visit) our aunt last Sunday. 3. They (watch) a new series on TV. 4. The engineer (fix) the computer. 5. We (want) to buy a new sofa. 6. It (snow) a lot in January. 7. Your friend (invite) us to the party. 8. My grandmother (knit) a sweater. 9. The director (arrive) late. 10. The train (delay) for an hour. 11. His parents (decide) to move. 12. The film (end) happily. 13. Your nephew (try) to ski. 14. The police officer (stop) the car. 15. Doctor Johnson (examine) the patient. 16. The team (train) every day. 17. My uncle (repair) the fence. 18. The weather (change) suddenly. 19. Our neighbours (greet) us warmly. 20. Your cousin (marry) in June. 21. Student Kate (present) her project. 22. Their rabbit (jump) out of the cage. 23. My son (ask) many questions. 24. The visitors (admire) the painting. 25. Her husband (start) a new job. 26. The girls (dance) at the party. 27. The news (surprise) everyone. 28. His boss (agree) with the plan. 29. The nurse (measure) my temperature. 30. Our relatives (stay) for a week. 31. Ivan (close) all the windows. 32. The journalists (describe) the event. 33. That woman (look) familiar. 34. Many people (thank) him. 35. Your client (order) more products. 36. The accountant (check) the numbers. 37. Our parrot (imitate) sounds. 38. Grandfather (plant) tomatoes. 39. The musicians (perform) beautifully. 40. My colleague (accept) the offer. 41. The couple (hike) in the mountains. 42. Sergei (fail) his driving test. 43. The cashier (count) the money. 44. That flight (land) safely. 45. Nina (download) the file. 46. The workers (unload) the truck. 47. Principal Davis (announce) the results. 48. My classmates (remember) that day. 49. Several players (score) goals. 50. Your daughter (prepare) for the trip.
Упражнение № 3. Раскройте скобки, поставив неправильные глаголы в Past Indefinite.
1.I (go) to the bank. 2. She (take) her medicine. 3. They (see) a famous actor. 4. My father (buy) a new drill. 5. We (have) a great time. 6. The meeting (begin) late. 7. You (break) the plate. 8. He (drink) all the juice. 9. The children (eat) the cookies. 10. The phone (ring) at midnight. 11. His words (hurt) my feelings. 12. The thief (steal) her purse. 13. Your son (catch) a big fish. 14. The students (choose) the topic. 15. I (forget) his name. 16. She (give) me good advice. 17. We (drive) to the coast. 18. The clock (strike) twelve. 19. Our dog (dig) a hole. 20. The singer (sing) beautifully. 21. He (lose) his temper. 22. The wind (blow) the roof off. 23. They (fight) for their rights. 24. I (hold) the door for her. 25. The baby (sleep) through the night. 26. We (swim) in the lake. 27. He (teach) physics. 28. They (build) this bridge in 1990. 29. I (think) about you. 30. She (wear) a uniform. 31. The news (shock) everyone. 32. He (pay) in cash. 33. We (meet) at the conference. 34. They (sell) their old house. 35. The cat (hide) under the bed. 36. The plane (fly) over the city. 37. I (understand) the situation. 38. She (stand) in the queue. 39. They (spend) a lot of money. 40. The river (freeze) in winter. 41. He (speak) very quietly. 42. We (leave) before dawn. 43. The truth (become) clear. 44. She (bring) homemade jam. 45. The book (fall) from the shelf. 46. They (win) the first prize. 47. I (hear) a strange noise. 48. The sun (rise) at six. 49. He (shut) the window. 50. We (know) the risks.
Упражнение № 4. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму. Все глаголы правильные.
1.Tom worked yesterday. 2. Anna cleaned her room. 3. The students watched a film 2 days ago. 4. My mother cooked dinner. 5. The doctor helped the patient. 6. It rained last week. 7. Your brother played chess. 8. The gardener watered the flowers. 9. We finished our project last month. 10. The bus stopped here. 11. Her parents lived in Moscow many years ago. 12. The lesson started in time. 13. My neighbour repaired his car. 14. The teacher explained the rule. 15. My wife waited for me. 16. The children played in the park. 17. He answered the question. 18. I visited them yesterday. 19. Our team practiced hard. 20. Your grandfather walked every day. 21. The student studied for the exam. 22. The cat wanted food. 23. The manager called me the day before yesterday. 24. The guests arrived early. 25. His daughter painted a picture. 26. The boys climbed the tree. 27. The sky looked grey. 28. Your colleague used this computer. 29. The cook opened the window. 30. Our parents visited us. 31. Elena washed the dishes. 32. The reporter asked about it. 33. That man travelled a lot last year. 34. Everyone enjoyed the party last week. 35. He closed the door. 36. The secretary typed the letter. 37. Our dog barked at the postman. 38. Aunt Maria baked a pie. 39. The workers moved the furniture. 40. My sister needed help. 41. The family walked to the park. 42. Alex turned on the TV. 43. The assistant printed the document. 44. This shop closed at six. 45. Olga answered the email. 46. The builders painted the wall. 47. Professor Brown started the lecture. 48. My friends enjoyed the concert. 49. All students passed the test. 50. Your brother listened to music.
Упражнение № 5. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму. Все глаголы неправильные.
1.I went to the cinema yesterday. 2. She took my book. 3. They saw that film last week. 4. My son bought a bike 3 days ago. 5. We had a meeting yesterday. 6. It began to rain. 7. You broke the glass. 8. He drank coffee. 9. The children ate apples. 10. The phone rang. 11. His joke hurt her. 12. The man stole the car last Friday. 13. Your daughter caught a cold. 14. The committee chose him. 15. I forgot the address. 16. She gave a present 5 days ago. 17. We drove all night. 18. The bell rang. 19. Our dog dug in the garden. 20. She sang a song. 21. He lost his phone yesterday. 22. The storm blew the tree down. 23. They fought bravely. 24. I held her hand. 25. The baby slept peacefully. 26. We swam in the sea. 27. He taught history. 28. They built a garage. 29. I thought about it yesterday. 30. She wore a nice hat. 31. The accident shocked him. 32. He paid the bill. 33. We met long ago. 34. They sold the apartment last year. 35. The mouse hid in the corner. 36. The bird flew away. 37. I understood the lesson. 38. She stood near the door. 39. They spent the weekend together. 40. The lake froze last winter. 41. He spoke with the manager. 42. We left in a hurry. 43. The dream became reality. 44. She brought flowers. 45. The vase fell on the floor. 46. They won the game last Monday. 47. I heard the news. 48. The sun rose early yesterday. 49. He shut his eyes. 50. We knew the answer.
Упражнение № 6. Составьте предложения, а затем переведите их на русский.
Образец: I / write a letter - I write a letter.
1.She / buy / a car / last year. 2. We / not / see / that exhibition. 3. He / drink / tea / for breakfast? 4. My parents / build / a house / in 2010. 5. The cat / hide / under the sofa. 6. I / not / understand / the question. 7. They / meet / at university? 8. The child / break / the toy / yesterday. 9. She / not / tell / the truth. 10. You / hear / that noise? 11. The students / choose / a leader. 12. It / not / rain / on Monday. 13. He / lose / his keys / again. 14. We / swim / in the river / in summer. 15. The teacher / give / us / homework. 16. They / not / sell / their business. 17. I / think / about you / all day. 18. The plane / fly / over the mountains? 19. She / wear / a blue dress / to the party. 20. He / not / pay / for the dinner. 21. The meeting / begin / in time. 22. We / drive / to the forest / for picnic. 23. The dog / dig / a hole / in the yard. 24. They / not / keep / their promise. 25. I / find / my old photos. 26. You / speak / to the director? 27. The book / fall / from the table. 28. She / not / feel / well / yesterday. 29. They / win / the competition? 30. The baby / sleep / all night. 31. He / teach / English / in China. 32. We / not / leave / early / from work. 33. The sun / shine / brightly. 34. I / know / him / very well. 35. She / send / me / a letter. 36. They / not / eat / at home. 37. He / take / the documents / to the office. 38. The concert / start / at eight? 39. We / have / a big garden. 40. She / not / read / this magazine. 41. The children / draw / funny pictures. 42. He / forget / her birthday? 43. I / spend / my holiday / at the seaside. 44. They / not / catch / any fish. 45. The phone / ring / three times. 46. She / make / a delicious cake. 47. We / go / to the theatre / last week. 48. He / not / see / the message. 49. The wind / blow / the leaves away. 50. They / build / a new school / in our district.
Упражнение № 7. Задайте специальные вопросы к выделенной части предложения.
1. My sister finished school last year. 2. They moved to a new apartment in May. 3. He fixed the old radio. 4. The party started at 7 p.m. 5. Our neighbours complained about the noise. 6. She felt very tired after work. 7. The postman delivered the parcel in the morning. 8. We waited for you for twenty minutes. 9. He believed her strange story. 10. The train arrived on platform two. 11. My grandfather fought in the war. 12. She bought the dress because it was on sale. 13. The secretary typed all the letters. 14. The children played in the backyard. 15. He lost his passport during the trip. 16. The meeting lasted for two hours. 17. Her colleague helped her with the project. 18. They celebrated his birthday at a restaurant. 19. The dog barked at the stranger. 20. She chose a blue sweater. 21. The manager approved our plan yesterday. 22. We walked to the city centre. 23. He forgot the meeting because he was busy. 24. The students prepared for the exam all week. 25. The car stopped suddenly. 26. She received an interesting offer. 27. The gardener planted roses in the spring. 28. They discussed their future plans. 29. The concert ended late. 30. My brother sent me a postcard from Italy. 31. She cooked dinner for six people. 32. The tourists visited the old castle. 33. He broke the window with a ball. 34. The film started at 9 o'clock. 35. Your call woke me up. 36. We needed more information. 37. She opened the present immediately. 38. The police found the missing child. 39. He answered all the questions correctly. 40. The shop closed early on Sunday. 41. His words hurt her feelings. 42. They travelled by train. 43. She learned English at school. 44. The fire destroyed the building. 45. He painted the fence green. 46. We arrived after midnight. 47. The doctor prescribed some medicine. 48. She wore a warm coat because it was cold. 49. They built the house in 2015. 50. The news surprised everyone.
Упражнение № 8. Переведите предложения с русского языка на английский, используя Past Indefinite.
1. Я работал вчера. 2. Моя сестра убирала квартиру. 3. Они смотрели телевизор вечером. 4. Инженер проверил чертежи. 5. Мы ждали вас позавчера. 6. На прошлой неделе было тепло. 7. Твой друг жил в Лондоне в прошлом году? 8. Мама приготовила суп. 9. Директор не согласился с нами вчера. 10. Поезд опоздал. 11. Мои родители путешествовали летом. 12. Урок начался вовремя. 13. Твой сосед помог тебе? 14. Учитель задал вопрос, но я не ответил, потому что не сделал домашнее задание. 15. Доктор осмотрел ребенка. 16. Два года назад эта команда выиграла матч. 17. Мой брат учил немецкий. 18. Вчера солнце светило ярко. 19. Наши друзья позвонили нам и пригласили в кино. 20. Мой дедушка любил рыбалку и я всегда ходил вместе с ним на речку. 21. Студент ответил правильно и получил хорошую оценку. 22. Их собака громко лаяла на прошлой неделе. 23. Моя дочь хотела собаку, поэтому я подарила ей щенка. 24. Гости принесли торт. 25. Его сын мечтал о море. 26. Дети искали грибы в лесу. 27. Небо было голубым. 28. Твой коллега закончил отчет? 29. Уборщица не вымыла пол. 30. Наши дети не болели в январе. 31. Ольга нашла очки? 32. Репортер брал интервью и задавал много вопросов. 33. Тот мужчина выглядел уставшим. 34. Все поверили ему. 35. Ваша подруга посетила музей? 36. Секретарь не отправил факс. 37. Наш кот поймал большую мышь. 38. Дядя Вова починил кран. 39. Мальчики играли в компьютер вчера. 40. Мой начальник нуждался в совете и я помог ему. 41. Семья ужинала в ресторане. 42. Петя забыл пароль. 43. Помощник скопировал файлы и отправил их начальнику. 44. Этот автобус ехал медленно. 45. Ира носила зеленое платье на прошлой неделе. 46. Строители закончили работу 3 дня назад. 47. Профессор задал домашнее задание в прошлый понедельник. 48. Мои друзья гуляли в парке. 49. Все студенты волновались во время экзамена. 50. Твоя сестра не планировала отпуск.
Упражнение № 9. Нарисуйте простую линию и отметьте на ней 5-7 ключевых событий своей жизни в прошлом. Например, начал работать, переехал, купил машину и т.д. Опишите каждое из этих событий одним предложением в Past Indefinite, указав год или возраст.
Образец: I bought a house 10 years ago.
Упражнение № 10. Опишите шаг за шагом, как вы вчера выполняли рутинную, но знакомую вам задачу (готовили конкретное блюдо, чинили что-то, настраивали технику, и т.п.). Используйте Past Indefinite и слова first - сначала, next - потом, after that - после этого, then - затем.
Образец: How I cooked scrambled eggs. Как я приготовил(а) яичницу.
First, I took a frying pan and put it on the stove. Next, I turned on the heat and added oil. After that, I broke two eggs into a frying pan and added some salt. Then, I waited for 5 minutes. When the eggs were cooked, I turned off the stove and put the scrambled eggs on a plate.
Упражнение № 11. Иногда нам хочется вернуться в прошлое, чтобы что-то объяснить, поблагодарить или просто рассказать, как всё сложилось дальше. Данное упражнение позволит нам сделать это с помощью английского языка. Для этого, напишите письмо из 8-10 предложений самому себе или кому-то из вашего прошлого (друг, родственник, коллега). Опишите, что произошлопосле той встречи (события, разговора и т.д.), используя Past Indefinite.
Вы можете использовать такой план:
- Определите тему письма. О чём вы хотите рассказать?
- Что произошло после...?
- Как изменилась моя/наша жизнь из-за...?
- Что я понял(а) позже ....?
Образец:
Письмо себе прошлому в первый день работы:
Dear Me from 2000,
After that first day at the office, many things happened. I worked on that project for two years. It was difficult, but I learned a lot. Later, I changed my job. I met interesting people and travelled for work. I didn't know it then, but that nervous first day was the start of a very important part of my life.
Упражнение № 12. Представьте, что вы - писатель. Дано начало: "The door opened slowly. A stranger walked into the room. He looked around and…". Закончите эту историю 5-7 предложениями в Past Indefinite.
Упражнение № 13. Самый интересный способ узнать о прошлом — задавать вопросы. Составление хороших вопросов требует понимания не только грамматики, но и сути того, о чём вы спрашиваете. Составьте список из 7-10 вопросов в Past Indefinite, которые вы бы хотели задать своему родителю, старшему коллеге или исторической личности о их прошлом опыте. Используйте вопросительные слова: what, where, when, why, how.
Образец:
- Why did you choose that work?
- How much did you earn?
Упражнение № 14. Часто страх допустить ошибку мешает нам говорить и писать. Это упражнение разделяет процесс на два безопасных этапа: сначала вы свободно выражаете мысль, сосредоточившись на том, что сказать, а не на том как сказать. А на втором этапе вы фокусируетесь на исправлении грамматических ошибок.
Используйте план:
- Закройте учебник. Отложите грамматические правила.
- Представьте, что пишите близкому другу в мессенджере. Опишите самое запомнившееся событие прошлого (встречу, поездку, интересный случай дома или на работе).
- Пишите быстро, главное — передать суть. Не останавливайтесь, чтобы проверить глагол. Используйте любые слова, которые приходят в голову (можно даже по-русски, если забыли английское).
- Проверьте текст по следующим пунктам:
- Все ли глаголы стоят в Past Indefinite? Найдите каждый глагол. Это правильный глагол (нужно -ed) или неправильный (нужна вторая форма из таблицы)? Исправьте: I go → I went, I watch → I watched.
- Если использовали вопросительную и отрицательную фору, проверьте: после did/didn't глагол стоит в первой форме (без -ed и не во второй)? Исправьте: I didn’t went → I didn’t go, Did you saw? → Did you see?
Образец:
Исходный текст: Last Thursday I go to my friend. We cook dinner together. It is very funny. We not watch TV, we talk a lot.»
Исправленный текст: Last Thursday I went to my friend. We cooked dinner together. It was very funny. We didn’t watch TV, we talked a lot.»
Упражнение № 15. Оглядываясь на жизнь, мы часто сравниваем разные её периоды. Это требует умения четко разделять прошлое и настоящее. Выберите два периода своей жизни. Например, «когда мне было 30» и «сейчас», и сравните чем отличалась ваша жизнь тогда и сейчас. Используйте Past Indefinite для описания прошлого и Present Indefinite для настоящего.
Образец: When I was 30, I lived in a small flat. Now I live in a house. I worked for a big company then. Now I have my own business.
Упражнение № 16. Описание прошлого опыта работы в сжатой, фактологической форме — частая практическая задача.
Заполните мини-резюме для одной из ваших прошлых работ или длительных проектов, можно даже волонтёрских или домашних.
Образец: From 2010 to 2015 I worked as a manager at a building company. I coordinated the work of builders and designers. I controlled the budget and ordered all the materials. The project finished in time and within the planned budget.
Упражнение № 17. В жизни часто случаются ситуации, когда собеседник имеет ошибочное представление о нашем опыте. Важно уметь тактично поправить его, приведя факты. Перед вами 10 неверных предположений о вашем прошлом. Ваша задача — вежливо опровергнуть каждое. Используйте для этого одно из предложенных вступлений для вежливости:
- Actually, that's not quite right. Вообще-то, это не совсем так.
- I'm afraid that's not correct. Боюсь, это неверно.
Ваши задания для опровержения:
- You hated cooking when you were younger.
- You never changed your opinion about important things.
- You hated reading books as a teenager.
- Your parents chose your first career for you.
- You refused to try any new food in your childhood
- You avoided any physical exercise in your youth.
- Your teachers told you that you had no talent for languages.
- You didn't enjoy any school subjects.
- You knew exactly how to use a computer from the start.
- In your twenties, you preferred staying home every weekend.
Образец:
Неверное предположение: You didn't like school.
Ваше опровержение: Actually, that's not quite right. I really enjoyed school, especially history classes.
Неверное предположение: You travelled a lot in your 20s.
Ваше опровержение: I'm afraid that's not correct. I didn't travel much in my 20s because I didn't have money for that.
